deoxycytidine monophosphate

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deoxycytidine monophosphate

A scientist examines a molecular model of deoxycytidine monophosphate in the lab.

Definition
  1. Noun:
    • A nucleotide component of DNA: Deoxycytidine monophosphate is one of the four fundamental nucleotide monomers that constitute deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). It consists of the nucleoside deoxycytidine linked to a single phosphate group.
    • A specific molecular structure: It is characterized by having the nitrogenous base cytosine, the sugar deoxyribose, and one phosphate group, forming a deoxycytidylate unit.
Usage Examples
  • Noun:
    • During DNA replication, enzymes incorporate deoxycytidine monophosphate into the growing strand opposite a guanine base on the template.
    • The laboratory synthesized deoxycytidine monophosphate to study its biochemical properties.
Advanced Usage

  • Abbreviation "dCMP": In biochemical literature, this compound is almost exclusively referred to by its standard abbreviation.

    • The concentration of dCMP was measured in the cell extract.

  • Role in metabolism: Often discussed in contexts of nucleotide biosynthesis, salvage pathways, or as a precursor to other nucleotides.

    • The enzyme deoxycytidine kinase phosphorylates deoxycytidine to form deoxycytidine monophosphate.
Variants and Related Words
  • Deoxycytidine (noun): The nucleoside component (base + sugar) without the phosphate group.
  • Cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (noun): The analogous nucleotide containing ribose sugar, found in RNA.
  • Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) (noun): The activated, triphosphate form used as a direct substrate by DNA polymerase during synthesis.
Synonyms
  • dCMP: The standard biochemical abbreviation.
  • Deoxycytidylate: An equivalent chemical name for the ionized form.
Related Phrases and Contexts

  • "dCMP residue": Refers to an individual deoxycytidine monophosphate unit within a DNA polymer.

    • A mutation converted the dCMP residue to a dTMP residue.

  • "dCMP deaminase": Refers to the enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of dCMP to form dUMP.

    • The activity of dCMP deaminase is a key regulatory step in thymidine nucleotide synthesis.
deoxycytidine monophosphate

A scientist examines a molecular model of deoxycytidine monophosphate in the lab.

Noun
  1. one of the four nucleotides used in building DNA; all four nucleotides have a common phosphate group and a sugar (ribose)

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